Approaches on how we value the enviornment
Resource Appraisal
A resource does not refer to a substance but a function. Resources are fundamental and a prerequisite for development. Every major civilisation was sustained by a particular set of resources and technology for their exploitation, such as the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, the Iron Age, the IDL (Industrial Revolution period) and the NIDL (post-Industrial Revolution period).
What is a resource changes over time and space, and is determined by the knowledge and technology of communities.
Resource appraisal is the evaluation of a resource, which is assessed based on its ability to satisfy the needs of the community.
Examples of civilisations,their particular set of resources (in form of substances and tools), and their level of technology and knowledge:
Indus Valley Civilisation
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Mesopotamia
(Ancient) Japan
Mayan empire
Examples of particular eras and their specific set of resources
Stone Age: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qq_1lcMrDM
Bronze Age: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ErOitC7OyHk
Iron Age:
Industrial Revolution:
Post-Industrial Revolution:
Factors which influence resource appraisal:
1. Cultural
Value systems and traditions vary across different groups of people, in turn influencing how resources are appraised and managed. This may occur on a global, regional, or local scale.
Local scale: Within communities
For example, within the Mayan community in central America, one group pushed for deforestation and another group protested against it. This thus exacerbated a prolonged drought, which forced populations to abandon their cities. This may have been a reason for the collapse of the Mayan empire.
Regional scale: Within regional organisations
Global scale: Within the world; Between countries
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